Table - See Overview for Filtering and Searching Explanation

source Entry Example Modal 1 Modal 2sort ascending Modal 3 Gender Race / Ethnicity Age Level of Education Home Community, Town, or State Location Collected Year Relation to Addressee Medium Sentence Structure Status
Cunningham 1274 He must have fa see something. must have fuh (have to) Unknown Black Unknown SC (Unknown) SC (Unknown) 1.0
Cunningham 1273 He must have fuh do əm. must have fuh (=have to) Unknown Black Unknown SC (Unknown) SC (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 976 “Aha!”, think A, “it’ll no hev cood gar ends meet this bittie back, nih, A’se warran!” will no have could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Argyll) 1925 Written 1.0
Jamaica 1223 mos(a) hafi “must must” must hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Jamaica 1214 mait(a) hafi “may/might must” might hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Jamaica 1216 kuda hafi “could must” could hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Jamaica 1217 shuda hafi “should must” should hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Jamaica 1219 wuda hafi “would must” would hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
England 2048 Swa þatt menn sholldenn muɽhenn sen þurrh Goddspellbokess lare All hu þeɽɽ mihhtenn follɽenn rihht þatt stih. sholldenn hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written 1.3
Jamaica 1221 wi hafi “will must” will hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Boertien 2107 might hadn't ought might hadn't ought Female White 21 College Student TX (Beaumont) TX (Unknown) c1980 Elicited
Boertien 2099 might not had ought might not had ought Female White 21 College Student TX (Beaumont) TX (Unknown) c1980 Elicited
Boertien 1293 I might had oughta, hadn’t I? might had ought to Female White 21 College Student TX (Beaumont) TX (Unknown) c1980 2.8 Elicited
Jamaica 1222 mos(a) fi “must ought to” must fe (=for, ought to) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Labov 1108 That still might don’t help you. might don't Unknown Black Unknown NY (New York City) NY (New York City) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Montgomery 206 That would account for why I may didn't know it then. may didn't Male White 40 Graduate school (Doctoral degree) FL (Unknown) SC (Unknown) SC State Administrator to unknown Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
Mishoe 82 There weren't no way to be sure. Could be he may didn't want to come. may didn't Female White 60s Unknown Unknown SC (Myrtle Beach) c1990 female to family Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
Mishoe 87 That must didn't hurt him cause he's still in the lead. must didn't Male White unknown Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 NBC announcer to audience Spoken 1.3 Naturalistic
Mishoe 83 You might did already do that. I don't know. might did Female White 40s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 female to family Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Mishoe 90 We waited as long as we could, cause we thought he may did want to go with us. may did Female White 40s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 daughter to mother Spoken 1.3 Naturalistic
Nagle 1142 Ælc cristen man hit sceall cunnan. “Each Christian man shall know it” sceall (=shall) cunnan (=could, ken, know) Male White Unknown Unknown England (Unknown) c1000 Written 1.0
DiPaolo 1332 He might not couldn't refuse. might not couldn't Male White unknown Unknown TX (Unknown) TX (Austin) unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Boertien 2122 might couldn't might couldn't Male White 20 College Student TX (San Antonio) TX (Unknown) c1980 Elicited
Boertien 2123 might couldn't might couldn't Male White 20 College Student TX (San Antonio) TX (Unknown) c1980 Elicited
Mishoe 105 I can live with it. Some people may couldn't, but I can live with it. may couldn't Male White 50s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 stranger to stranger Spoken 1.1 Naturalistic
LAGS 615 Used to couldn't buy it. used to couldn't Male White 89 High school GA (Springfield) GA (Springfield) 1969 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 616 But you used to couldn't. used to couldn't Female Black 72 6th-7th grade LA (Sterlington) LA (Sterlington) 1975 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 617 Used to couldn't raise nothing on that soil. used to couldn't Female Black 65 8th grade TN (Covington) TN (Covington) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
DiPaolo 1433 So she might have couldn't, SO she might have couldn't drove that truck of yours might have couldn't Female White 11 Elementary School TX (Lamesa) TX (Lamesa) 1980 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.0 Elicited
LAGS 618 I used to couldn't stand something like that. used to couldn't Female Black 63 High school TX (San Antonio) TX (San Antonio) 1975 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 619 Used to couldn't. used to couldn't Male White 95 8th grade MS (Pike County) MS (Holmesville) 1978 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAGS 620 Used to couldn't. used to couldn't Female White 70 3rd grade TX (Fort Worth) TX (Fort Worth) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAGS 621 Used to couldn't get it up every morning. used to couldn't Male Black 63 College (2 years) TX (Houston) TX (Houston) 1975 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
DiPaolo 1423 I was afraid that you might couldn't find it. might couldn't Female White 47 High School TX (Henderson) TX (Henderson,) 1980 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
LAGS 622 Used to couldn't. used to couldn't Male Black 74 Some school; illiterate MS (Sherard) MS (Sherard) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAGS 623 Used to couldn't slaughter them. used to couldn't Male White 76 8th grade TN (Wear Valley) TN (Wear Valley) 1973 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 624 You used to couldn't buy them. used to couldn't Male White 80 None FL (Bardin) FL (Bardin) 1973 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Boertien 2104 might couldn't might couldn't Female White 21 College Student TX (Beaumont) TX (Unknown) c1980 Elicited
LAGS 313 Might couldn't. might couldn't Female White 62 5th grade GA (6 miles from Milledgeville) GA (Milledgeville) 1970 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAGS 314 I might couldn't. might couldn't Male White 76 10th grade LA (Mount Union) LA (Mount Union) 1975 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Hern.&S 2020 He might have couldn't have stopped. might have couldn't Unknown Black c17 High school student IL (Chicago) IL (Chicago) 1970s Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
COCA 1029 "You used to couldn't talk to him about history," Napier says. used to couldn't Male White 54 Graduate school (Law degree) SC (Blenheim) Newspaper 2001 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
COCA 1030 I used to couldn't eat enough and now I just eat because I feel hungry. used to couldn't Female Unknown unknown Unknown Unknown Television 1997 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.8 Naturalistic
DiPaolo 1328 I might just couldn't see it. might couldn't Unknown Unknown unknown Unknown Unknown TX (Austin) unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
COCA 1032 We have had some success in broadening our economic perspective to- with NAFTA and the GATT agreement and selling more of our products that we used to couldn't sell. used to couldn't Male White 47 Graduate school (Law degree) AR (Hope) Radio 1993 elected official to constituency Spoken 1.6 Naturalistic
Scotland 942 He should could no have come. should could no Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Scotland 934 He might could no have done it. might could no Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
LAGS 536 You might have could have helped. might have could have Male Black 74 Little (Illiterate) MS (Sherard) MS (Sherard) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Mishoe 65 You might could possibly help me. I don't know. might could Female White 30s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 customer to clerk Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1755 might could might could Female White 70 Illiterate NC (Sanders Chapel) NC (Sanders Chapel) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
COCA 1065 " I might could be subject to get [a] call of nature, " Gary Lee Stringer said from his cot. might could Male Unknown unknown Unknown Unknown Fictional Story 1998 man to man Written 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1510 might could might could Male White 74 Very little; until age 21 PA (Orangeville) PA (Orangeville) 1939 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAGS 479 I might could help you. might could Female White 80 8th grade TX (Noonday) TX (Marshall) 1974 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1602 might could might could Male White 67 3rd grade VA (Guinea neighborhood) VA (Guinea neighborhood) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
Skipper 161 We might could work something out. might could Male White 21 Unknown Unknown AL (Unknown) unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
England 977 He wouldn’t could go. would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Durham) 1.0
LAMSAS 1851 might could might could Male White 84 Until age 14 SC (Hendersonville) SC (Hendersonville) 1934 fieldworker to informant Spoken
Mishoe 1 I thought you might could help me. might could Male White 40s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 Customer to clerk Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
LAGS 323 Might could. might could Male Black 76 Unknown Unknown GA (Griffin) subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1946 might could might could Male White 92 9 months GA (Wayesboro) GA (Waynesboro) 1948 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAMSAS 1693 might could might could Female White 44 College (Some) NC (Winfall) NC (Winfall) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAGS 667 Used to could. used to could Female White 80 8th grade MS (Soso) MS (Soso) 1973 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
Scotland 1148 They maybe could be working in the shop. maybe could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 904 In a crisis, what would a wee lassie like that could dae for me? would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (West Lothian) 1979 stranger Spoken 2.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 415 Might could do that. might could Male White 27 College (Business administration degree) AR (Huguley) AR (Lanett) 1978 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Mishoe 97 I thought you might could do it a little different this time. I'm tired of this same old look. might could Female White 40s Unknown Unknown SC/ NC (Unknown) c1990 female to hairdresser (f) Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1787 mought could mought could Female White 77 Learned to read at home NC (Forestville Church) NC (Forestville Church) 1937 fieldworker to informant Spoken
Reed 1452 We might could design it better. might could Male White 29 Graduate school (Doctoral degree) TN (Sneedville) SC (Columbia) 2010 tutor to student Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1542 might could might could Male White 38 Until age 14 DE (Willow Grove) DE (Willow Grove) 1939 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAGS 509 I'm not sure, but I might could. might could Female Black 43 High school and business college AR (Little Rock) AR (Little Rock) 1975 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.1 Naturalistic
Feagin 763 You might could ... might could Female White 60 Unknown AL (Unknown) AL (Birmingham) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1629 mought could mought could Female White 81 3 years VA (Back Bay) VA (Back Bay) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
COCA 1034 She used to could kill a horse with a fist between the eyes, but this week it's been migraines and fainting spells. used to could Female Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Fictional Story 1991 woman to man Written 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1884 might could might could Male White 82 3 months of night school SC (Graniteville) SC (Graniteville) 1947 fieldworker to informant Spoken
DiPaolo 1301 'If he would get out from behind his pulpit and do some recruiting, he might could find somebody who can kick. Franklin said. might could Male White 22 College Graduate KY (Princeton) Newspaper 1978 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
LAGS 351 Might could. might could Male White 87 Unknown Unknown MS (Tunica) subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
DiPaolo 1393 If we had known, we may still could have done it. may could Male White unknown Unknown Unknown TX (Unknown) unknown Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
England 1180 I’ll tell you who they could be. They might could be Luke Skywalker and Han Solo. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) 1.0
LAGS 447 Might could have done it. might could Male White 77 High school and business college MS (Macon) MS (Macon) 1974 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Montgomery 195 Well if you can be morally bankrupt, then you must could bank morals. must could Male White 60s Graduate school (Doctoral degree) Unknown Unknown Unknown Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
Montgomery 1995 It might could begin by a normal mother-daughter argument about different things. might could Female Unknown 20 College (Some) Unknown TN (Memphis) 1980 stranger to hypothetical Written Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1572 mought could mought could Male White 87 2-3 years MD (Gallant Green) MD (Gallant Green) 1939 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAMSAS 1819 mought could mought could Male White 77 A little NC (Bryson City) NC (Bryson City) 1934 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAMSAS 1914 might could might could Female Black 40 9th grade GA (Savannah) SC (Savannah) 1972 fieldworker to informant Spoken
DiPaolo 1331 I might not could stay the whole time. might not could Unknown Unknown unknown Unknown Unknown TX (Austin) unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
COCA 1048 The tendency would be, I think, to water things down to such an extent that you're not doing all that you might could do within the confines of the First Amendment. might could Male White 40s Graduate school (Law degree) MS (Tupelo) Television 2006 interviewee to interviewer Spoken 1.6 Naturalistic
DARE 872 We might could find some mackerel on the outer reef. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown FL (Gainesville) 1980 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 383 It might could be a dreary day. might could Female White 71 Unknown Unknown GA (Hiltonia) subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 637 You used to could. used to could Female White 54 High school (Graduate) FL (Whitney) FL (Whitney) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1756 might could might could Female White 61 Until age 15 NC (Smithfield) NC (Smithfield) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
Reed 1493 You might could get something. might could Female White 20s Graduate school (Doctoral degree) SC (Columbia) SC (Columbia) 2011 teacher to class Spoken Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1511 might could might could Male White 76 Until age 16 PA (Valley View) PA (Valley View) 1940 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAGS 480 Might could. might could Male White 80 8th grade TN (Little Sycamore) TN (Little Sycamore) 1972 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
Montgomery 228 If I stayed in Columbia any longer, I might could find my way around. might could Female White 71 College (Graduate) Unknown SC (Unknown) Unknown Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1603 mought could mought could Female White 61 From ages 6 to 15 VA (Friends Church) VA (Friends Church) 1936 fieldworker to informant Spoken
Skipper 162 I might could possibly could make this shot. might could could Male White 22 Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
LAGS 324 Might could. might could Female White 71 Unknown Unknown GA (Lollie) subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic
LAMSAS 1947 might could might could Female White 85 Private school GA (Bath) GA (Bath) 1947 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAMSAS 1694 mought could mought could Female White 74 2 months NC (Trapp) NC (Trapp) 1934 fieldworker to informant Spoken
LAGS 668 Used to could. used to could Male Black 85 Illiterate MS (Woodville) MS (Lessley) 1977 subject to fieldworker Spoken unknown Naturalistic

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