|
England |
2041 |
Na mare saltow ham con rede þen sternes of heyuen.
|
sal |
con |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
14th century |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
England |
999 |
I can’t do it now like I used to could. |
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Oxfordshire) |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
Boertien |
1290 |
Might ought you to’ve done that? |
might |
ought to |
|
Male |
White |
20 |
College Student |
TX (San Antonio) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.0 |
Elicited |
|
Feagin |
790 |
I might otta do that |
might |
ought to |
|
Male |
White |
30s |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1169 |
The girls usually make me some [toasted sandwiches], but they mustn’t could have made any today. |
must |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
Elsman |
867 |
They may not can give it to you that second.
|
may not |
can |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
2007 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Coleman |
1120 |
John might could be working at his office today. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.0 |
Elicited |
|
Butters |
1201 |
I imagine that they will disbar him. But he told, he told Nixon about the thing, and what would–might would happen. |
might |
would |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
Park |
900 |
I used to could |
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
|
1940 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
967 |
We’ll ... aiblins no can rise our lane. |
will |
aiblins (=maybe) no |
can |
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Roxburghshire) |
1808 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Mashburn |
1258 |
He may ought to see you today. |
may |
ought to |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1217 |
shuda hafi “should must” |
should |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
932 |
Will he can do it? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
England |
2042 |
I shall not konne answere. |
shall |
koone |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
1386 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1101 |
If we get a German doctor, not one of us will can speak to him. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
Boertien |
1291 |
shouldn’t SUBJECT ought |
shouldn't |
ought to |
|
Female |
White |
32 |
College Student |
TX (Matagorda City) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.0 |
Elicited |
|
England |
1170 |
They had velvet curtains, and, oh, we would never could afford them. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
Park |
901 |
It might would. |
might |
would |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
|
1940 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
968 |
We’ll can agree fine |
will |
can |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1886 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Mashburn |
1259 |
He ought to would see you.
|
ought to |
would |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
760 |
She might could give ... |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
26 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Dumas |
1140 |
They may still could be all right UT fans. |
may |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
TN (Knoxville) |
1987 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Jamaica |
1218 |
shuda kyan “should can” |
should |
can |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
933 |
He might no could have done it. |
might no |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
2043 |
He shal neuer conne trotte. |
shal |
conne |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
1484 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1102 |
Aiblins when auld Dick gees o’er the post The youth himself may can to rule the rost. |
may |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1768 |
|
Written |
1.2 |
|
|
Boertien |
1292 |
You might ought to have done that, mightn’t you? |
might |
ought to |
|
Male |
White |
20 |
College Student |
TX (San Antonio) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.8 |
Elicited |
|
Feagin |
792 |
We might otta give you a chicken sandwich. |
might |
ought to |
|
Female |
White |
30 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Selma) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1171 |
He wouldn’t could’ve worked, even if you had asked him. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
Coleman |
1121 |
They might ought to be stripping tobacco instead of just waiting. |
might |
ought to |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.0 |
Elicited |
|
Park |
902 |
He ought to could. |
ought to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
|
1940 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Hern.&S |
2020 |
He might have couldn't have stopped. |
might have |
couldn't |
|
Unknown |
Black |
c17 |
High school student |
IL (Chicago) |
IL (Chicago) |
1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
969 |
I looked for your brither before this, but nae doot ye‘ll can tak’ a message tae him.
|
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Fife) |
1929 |
|
Written |
1.1 |
|
|
Mashburn |
1260 |
He ought to will see you.
|
ought to |
will |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
761 |
You might could just ... |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
26 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Nagle |
1141 |
þat hie healfre geweald wið Eotena bearn agan moston. “That they might own an equal share with the sons of the Geats.” |
moston (=must, might) |
agan (=own, owe, ought to) |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Unknown) |
c1000 |
|
Written |
|
|
|
Scotland |
934 |
He might could no have done it. |
might |
could no |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
2044 |
... þatt mannkinn shollde muʒhenn wel Upp cumenn inntill heoffne.
|
shollde |
muʒhenn |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
|
|
|
Scotland |
1103 |
I’ll can go tomorrow. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1999 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Boertien |
1293 |
I might had oughta, hadn’t I? |
might |
had |
ought to |
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.8 |
Elicited |
|
England |
1172 |
A good machine clipper would could do it in half a day. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Coleman |
1122 |
They might would be stripping tobacco now if they had gotten it ready. |
might |
would |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.3 |
Elicited |
|
Allan |
1202 |
For a dime a head, I might could strip off the feathers. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Park |
903 |
She may can. |
may |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
|
1940 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
970 |
What I want to ken is, if I winna could hinder him that’s my fiancé frae dicin’ or drinkin’ ‘t awa’ ance he got me mairried to him? |
will |
could |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1927 |
|
Written |
1.2 |
|
|
Mashburn |
1261 |
She used to could run the marathon.
|
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
762 |
You might could hang a doghouse [i.e. dormer] there. |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
26 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Jamaica |
1219 |
wuda hafi “would must” |
would |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
935 |
He mightnae could have done it. |
mightnae |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
LAGS |
446 |
Might could have done anything.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
Black |
75 |
5th grade |
TX (Houston) |
TX (Houston) |
1975 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
2045 |
forrþi let be swellenn þa þe middle & þe little, þatt Crist ne shollde mu ʒ henn himm O nane wise attwindenn.
|
shollde |
muʒhenn |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
1.4 |
|
|
Scotland |
1104 |
I'll not can go tomorrow. |
will not |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Boertien |
1294 |
It scared him that he might could’ve been killed yesterday. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
1.4 |
Elicited |
|
England |
1173 |
I used to could do it. |
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
DARE |
871 |
I might could do it, if you’d let me try. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
FL (Unknown) |
FL (Unknown) |
1966 |
|
Spoken |
1.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
971 |
But I doubt, Miss Girzie, ye’ll no can expec her to domicile with the like of you. |
will no |
can |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Ayrshire) |
1826 |
|
Written |
1.4 |
|
|
Mashburn |
1262 |
She might could have been being seen by someone else.
|
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
763 |
You might could ... |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
60 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Birmingham) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Boertien |
2110 |
ought SUBJECT might had |
ought |
might |
had |
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.0 |
Elicited |
|
Nagle |
1142 |
Ælc cristen man hit sceall cunnan. “Each Christian man shall know it” |
sceall (=shall) |
cunnan (=could, ken, know) |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Unknown) |
c1000 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
936 |
He must no can do it.
|
must no |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
2046 |
To lefenn & to trowwenn þatt swillc an shollde muʒhenn beon Shippennd off alle shaffte |
shollde |
muʒhenn |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
1.4 |
|
|
Scotland |
1105 |
I might will can go tomorrow. |
might |
will |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1994 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Boertien |
1295 |
That I might could’ve done it yesterday excited me. |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
30 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
1.4 |
Elicited |
|
England |
1174 |
[Q: What’s it been like?] A: Terrible. I haven’t could sleep.
|
have |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
DARE |
872 |
We might could find some mackerel on the outer reef. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
FL (Gainesville) |
1980 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Coleman |
1123 |
She might should be taking some pills for her cold. |
might |
should |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.0 |
Elicited |
|
Scotland |
905 |
They should ought to make the rules clear. |
should |
ought to |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Hern.&S |
2023 |
I might should do the dishes. |
might |
should |
|
Unknown |
Black |
c17 |
High school student |
IL (Chicago) |
IL (Chicago) |
1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
972 |
Yince an A’d wun there, A thocht, A micht mebbies cood geet a hurl the lenth o Hawick.
|
might |
mebbies (=maybe) |
could |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Roxburghshire) |
1925 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
764 |
.. might could ... |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
20s |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1143 |
þeah we hine for þam alwaldan agan ne moston. “Though we might not hold it against the all-powerful.”
|
moston (=must, might) |
agan (=own, owe, ought to) |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Unknown) |
c1000 |
|
Written |
|
|
|
Jamaica |
1220 |
wi mos “will must” |
will |
must |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
937 |
He must can no do it. |
must |
can no |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
2048 |
Swa þatt menn sholldenn muɽhenn sen þurrh Goddspellbokess lare All hu þeɽɽ mihhtenn follɽenn rihht þatt stih. |
sholldenn |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
1.3 |
|
|
Feagin |
1296 |
Could you might tell me where the administration building is?
|
could |
might |
|
Male |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NY (Unknown) |
|
|
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Feagin |
796 |
I don’t dare hit the traffic out here now cause I can’t hear or see as good as I useta could! |
used to |
could |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.2 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1175 |
You might can see underneath. |
might |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
DARE |
873 |
We might could come over to your house if the weather is nice. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
White |
35 |
Unknown |
FL (Pensacola) |
FL (Unknown) |
1966 |
|
Spoken |
1.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
Butters |
1203 |
But if I be coming out of the field and riding Old Judge, I may would kinda switch off. |
may |
would |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Spoken |
1.2 |
|
|
Scotland |
906 |
He used tae widnae let me up the brae. |
used to |
wouldnae |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (West Lothian) |
1979 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
973 |
He wouldna could dae’t, |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1929 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
R&W |
1264 |
I might could ketch a possum tonight, over on East Mountain.
|
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
AR (Unknown) |
|
|
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
765 |
If she had seen ’em, she might could have said who they are.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
55 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.2 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
1144 |
He’ll can help us the morn. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1221 |
wi hafi “will must” |
will |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
938 |
He mustnae can do it. |
mustnae |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
2047 |
forr þatt Crist ne wollde nohht þatt Nicodm ne wisste þatt he ne shollde muʒhenn nohht ben borrʒhenn, þohh he mihhte Lefenn & trowwenn rihht o Crist þurrh Cristes miccle tacness, But iff he wære... |
shollde |
muʒhenn |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
1.4 |
|
|
Boertien |
1297 |
Could you might come over here for a minute?
|
could |
might |
|
Female |
White |
25 |
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
TX (College Station) |
|
|
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1176 |
I mightn’t can use this thumb properly, if it heals like this. |
might |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
DARE |
874 |
I might could go there tonight. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
TN (Perry County) |
|
1954 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Labov |
1238 |
If you can find that canceled check, I may can go out there and get it. |
may |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
FL (Unknown) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.2 |
Naturalistic |
|
Coleman |
1124 |
I might ought to have been working this morning instead of reading. |
might |
ought to |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.0 |
Elicited |
|
Scotland |
907 |
He should can go tomorrow. |
should |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Hern.&S |
2025 |
He must can sing. |
must |
can |
|
Unknown |
Black |
c17 |
High school student |
IL (Chicago) |
IL (Chicago) |
1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
974 |
An dan, wi baid een staandin wide, Sae noucht could can ta pass me.
|
could |
can to |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Shetland) |
|
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
R&W |
1265 |
I might could dry them dishes for ye. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
MO (Unknown) |
MO (Unknown) |
|
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Feagin |
766 |
If I could talk to one of the men, I might could tell you how much you’ve got |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
34 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.2 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
1145 |
They might could be working in the shop. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
939 |
He shouldnae can come. |
shouldnae |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|