|
Cunningham |
1274 |
He must have fa see something.
|
must |
have fuh (have to) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Cunningham |
1273 |
He must have fuh do əm. |
must |
have fuh (=have to) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
976 |
“Aha!”, think A, “it’ll no hev cood gar ends meet this bittie back, nih, A’se warran!”
|
will no |
have |
could |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1925 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1219 |
wuda hafi “would must” |
would |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
England |
2048 |
Swa þatt menn sholldenn muɽhenn sen þurrh Goddspellbokess lare All hu þeɽɽ mihhtenn follɽenn rihht þatt stih. |
sholldenn |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England |
c1200 |
|
Written |
1.3 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1221 |
wi hafi “will must” |
will |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jamaica |
1223 |
mos(a) hafi “must must” |
must |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jamaica |
1214 |
mait(a) hafi “may/might must” |
might |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jamaica |
1216 |
kuda hafi “could must” |
could |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jamaica |
1217 |
shuda hafi “should must” |
should |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boertien |
2107 |
might hadn't ought |
might |
hadn't |
ought |
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
|
Elicited |
|
Boertien |
1293 |
I might had oughta, hadn’t I? |
might |
had |
ought to |
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
2.8 |
Elicited |
|
Boertien |
2099 |
might not had ought |
might not |
had |
ought |
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
|
Elicited |
|
Jamaica |
1222 |
mos(a) fi “must ought to” |
must |
fe (=for, ought to) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Labov |
1108 |
That still might don’t help you. |
might |
don't |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
NY (New York City) |
NY (New York City) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
87 |
That must didn't hurt him cause he's still in the lead.
|
must |
didn't |
|
Male |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
NBC announcer to audience |
Spoken |
1.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
Montgomery |
206 |
That would account for why I may didn't know it then. |
may |
didn't |
|
Male |
White |
40 |
Graduate school (Doctoral degree) |
FL (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
|
SC State Administrator to unknown |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
82 |
There weren't no way to be sure. Could be he may didn't want to come.
|
may |
didn't |
|
Female |
White |
60s |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Myrtle Beach) |
c1990 |
female to family |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
83 |
You might did already do that. I don't know. |
might |
did |
|
Female |
White |
40s |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
female to family |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
90 |
We waited as long as we could, cause we thought he may did want to go with us. |
may |
did |
|
Female |
White |
40s |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
daughter to mother |
Spoken |
1.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
Nagle |
1142 |
Ælc cristen man hit sceall cunnan. “Each Christian man shall know it” |
sceall (=shall) |
cunnan (=could, ken, know) |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Unknown) |
c1000 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
LAGS |
621 |
Used to couldn't get it up every morning.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
Black |
63 |
College (2 years) |
TX (Houston) |
TX (Houston) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Hern.&S |
2020 |
He might have couldn't have stopped. |
might have |
couldn't |
|
Unknown |
Black |
c17 |
High school student |
IL (Chicago) |
IL (Chicago) |
1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
622 |
Used to couldn't.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
Black |
74 |
Some school; illiterate |
MS (Sherard) |
MS (Sherard) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
623 |
Used to couldn't slaughter them.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
76 |
8th grade |
TN (Wear Valley) |
TN (Wear Valley) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1029 |
"You used to couldn't talk to him about history," Napier says. |
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
54 |
Graduate school (Law degree) |
SC (Blenheim) |
Newspaper |
2001 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
624 |
You used to couldn't buy them.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
80 |
None |
FL (Bardin) |
FL (Bardin) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1030 |
I used to couldn't eat enough and now I just eat because I feel hungry. |
used to |
couldn't |
|
Female |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Television |
1997 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.8 |
Naturalistic |
|
DiPaolo |
1328 |
I might just couldn't see it. |
might |
couldn't |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Austin) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1032 |
We have had some success in broadening our economic perspective to- with NAFTA and the GATT agreement and selling more of our products that we used to couldn't sell.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
47 |
Graduate school (Law degree) |
AR (Hope) |
Radio |
1993 |
elected official to constituency |
Spoken |
1.6 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
313 |
Might couldn't.
|
might |
couldn't |
|
Female |
White |
62 |
5th grade |
GA (6 miles from Milledgeville) |
GA (Milledgeville) |
1970 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
DiPaolo |
1332 |
He might not couldn't refuse. |
might not |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
TX (Austin) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
314 |
I might couldn't.
|
might |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
76 |
10th grade |
LA (Mount Union) |
LA (Mount Union) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Boertien |
2122 |
might couldn't |
might |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
20 |
College Student |
TX (San Antonio) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
|
Elicited |
|
Boertien |
2123 |
might couldn't |
might |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
20 |
College Student |
TX (San Antonio) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
|
Elicited |
|
DiPaolo |
1433 |
So she might have couldn't, SO she might have couldn't drove that truck of yours |
might have |
couldn't |
|
Female |
White |
11 |
Elementary School |
TX (Lamesa) |
TX (Lamesa) |
1980 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Elicited |
|
Mishoe |
105 |
I can live with it. Some people may couldn't, but I can live with it. |
may |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
50s |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
stranger to stranger |
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
DiPaolo |
1423 |
I was afraid that you might couldn't find it. |
might |
couldn't |
|
Female |
White |
47 |
High School |
TX (Henderson) |
TX (Henderson,) |
1980 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
615 |
Used to couldn't buy it.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
89 |
High school |
GA (Springfield) |
GA (Springfield) |
1969 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
616 |
But you used to couldn't.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Female |
Black |
72 |
6th-7th grade |
LA (Sterlington) |
LA (Sterlington) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
617 |
Used to couldn't raise nothing on that soil. |
used to |
couldn't |
|
Female |
Black |
65 |
8th grade |
TN (Covington) |
TN (Covington) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
618 |
I used to couldn't stand something like that.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Female |
Black |
63 |
High school |
TX (San Antonio) |
TX (San Antonio) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Boertien |
2104 |
might couldn't |
might |
couldn't |
|
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
|
Elicited |
|
LAGS |
619 |
Used to couldn't.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Male |
White |
95 |
8th grade |
MS (Pike County) |
MS (Holmesville) |
1978 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
620 |
Used to couldn't.
|
used to |
couldn't |
|
Female |
White |
70 |
3rd grade |
TX (Fort Worth) |
TX (Fort Worth) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
934 |
He might could no have done it. |
might |
could no |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
942 |
He should could no have come. |
should |
could no |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
LAGS |
536 |
You might have could have helped.
|
might have |
could have |
|
Male |
Black |
74 |
Little (Illiterate) |
MS (Sherard) |
MS (Sherard) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Feagin |
779 |
There are so many things we might could do. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
38 |
Unknown |
NC (Unknown) |
AL (Unknown) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.6 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1970 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
77 |
Local schools |
GA (Elberton) |
GA (Elberton) |
1946 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAMSAS |
1717 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
66 |
Little or none |
NC (Emmaus Church) |
NC (Emmaus Church) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAGS |
367 |
Might could.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
40 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
AR (Arkadelphia) |
|
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1172 |
A good machine clipper would could do it in half a day. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Verilogue Corpus |
2270 |
|
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
70 to... |
Unknown |
Unknown |
KY |
|
Patient |
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1811 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Male |
White |
84 |
None |
NC (Rock Creek) |
NC (Rock Creek) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAMSAS |
1566 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Male |
White |
83 |
None |
MD (Three Notch Road, Ridge) |
MD (Three Notch Road, Ridge) |
1939 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Montgomery |
209 |
My father-in-law flies a lot and gets a lot of frequent flier miles. We might could drop him a hint, and he might would help us.
|
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
24 |
Graduate school (Some) |
MS (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
|
Unknown |
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
463 |
He might could.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
37 |
High school |
FL (Oxford) |
FL (Oxford) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1906 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
84 |
College graduate |
SC (Mountville) |
SC (Mountville) |
1946 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
DiPaolo |
1323 |
You might could sweet-talk [girls' name]. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Austin) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1653 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
58 |
Until age 20 |
VA (Boydton P.O.) |
VA (Boydton P.O.) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Feagin |
809 |
We useta could hear ’em when we lived up yonder, but since we moved up there, I haven’t heard ’em. |
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
85 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
AL (Tuscaloosa) |
early 1970s |
|
Spoken |
1.8 |
Naturalistic |
|
Verilogue Corpus |
2206 |
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
|
|
Graduate Degree (MD) |
Unknown |
GA |
|
Doctor-Patient |
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1747 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Male |
White |
89 |
no information |
NC (Conway P.O.) |
NC (Conway P.O.) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
COCA |
1061 |
" It all boils down to will it be profitable, " he said. " It might could pay off, but I don't think so. " |
might |
could |
|
Male |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
GA (Unknown) |
Newspaper |
2003 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1502 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
78 |
Until age 15 |
NJ (Perth Amboy) |
NJ (Perth Amboy) |
1941 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Smiley |
888 |
wouldn't could |
wouldn't |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NY (New Paltz) |
1924 |
|
|
|
|
|
LAGS |
399 |
I might could do it.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
68 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
GA (Rhine) |
|
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
653 |
A man used to could raise a family fairly well.
|
used to |
could |
|
Male |
White |
48 |
High school equivalent and 2 years trade school |
LA (Ville Platte) |
LA (Ville Platte) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1596 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
45 |
2 years |
VA (Wares Wharf) |
VA (Wares Wharf) |
1935 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAMSAS |
1843 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
50 |
no information |
SC (Moncks Corner) |
SC (Moncks Corner) |
1947 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAGS |
493 |
I might could.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
39 |
12th grade |
LA (Zachary) |
LA (Zachary) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Feagin |
747 |
She might could tell you some’in.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
82 |
Unknown |
AL (Unknown) |
|
early 1970s |
acquaintance |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1938 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
54 |
High school (Some) |
GA (Stilson) |
GA (Stilson) |
1946 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Elsman |
824 |
[One] used to could get a bag like this for three dollars - five dollars. |
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
30s |
College (Graduate) |
SC (Unknown) |
SC (Columbia) |
2007 |
co-worker to co-worker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1685 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Male |
White |
65 |
Until age 15 |
NC (Point Harbor) |
NC (Point Harbor) |
1934 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAGS |
335 |
Might could.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
34 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
FL (Cedar Key) |
|
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
Verilogue Corpus |
2238 |
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
|
|
Graduate Degree (MD) |
Unknown |
GA |
|
Doctor-Patient |
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1779 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Female |
White |
76 |
Very little |
NC (Sophia) |
NC (Sophia) |
1934 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
COCA |
1077 |
She might could die. |
might |
could |
|
Male |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Fictional Story |
1994 |
man to man |
Written |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
683 |
I used to could eat a green.
|
used to |
could |
|
Male |
Black |
73 |
2nd grade; illiterate |
AL (Butler County) |
AL (Greenville) |
1976 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1534 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
75 |
Until age 16 |
PA (Clearville) |
PA (Clearville) |
1939 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Skipper |
177 |
I was just thinking I might could use them. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
19 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
431 |
You might could find one or two.
|
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
77 |
10th grade |
LA (New Era) |
LA (New Era) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1876 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
72 |
In local schools |
SC (Creston) |
SC (Creston) |
1947 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAGS |
525 |
Someone that might could tell him. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
37 |
High school |
TN (Stewart) |
TN (Stewart) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.6 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
526 |
Might could tell you.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
89 |
High school (Graduate) |
TN (Paris) |
TN (Paris) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Boertien |
1294 |
It scared him that he might could’ve been killed yesterday. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
21 |
College Student |
TX (Beaumont) |
TX (Unknown) |
c1980 |
|
|
1.4 |
Elicited |
|
LAMSAS |
1971 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
61 |
10th grade |
GA (Carnesville) |
GA (Carnesville) |
1968 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Elsman |
857 |
If the items are gonna be released, they can't share, but if they aren't gonna be released, they might could. |
might |
could |
|
Unknown |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
2007 |
|
Spoken |
1.8 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1718 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
48 |
Until age 15 |
NC (Mt. Olive) |
NC (Mt. Olive) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAGS |
368 |
Might could.
|
might |
could |
|
Male |
Black |
69 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
LA (Natchitoches) |
|
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1173 |
I used to could do it. |
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
LAMSAS |
1812 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
77 |
Illiterate |
NC (Mill Spring) |
NC (Mill Spring) |
1937 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
LAMSAS |
1567 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
76 |
Illiterate |
MD (Mattaponi Farm, Pearson) |
MD (Mattaponi Farm, Pearson) |
1934 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
Montgomery |
210 |
There are some ideas we have in mind and you might could think about some of them.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
1.6 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
464 |
Might could help.
|
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
20 |
College (Junior at time of interview) |
TX (Edinburg) |
TX (Edinburg) |
1976 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1907 |
might could |
might |
could |
|
Male |
White |
63 |
150-200 days in country schools |
SC (Abbeville) |
SC (Abbeville) |
1941 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|
|
DiPaolo |
1324 |
Call back some other day and I might could tell you some more about it. |
might |
could |
|
Female |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Lamesa) |
TX (Austin, on phone) |
1979 |
woman to woman |
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAMSAS |
1654 |
mought could |
mought |
could |
|
Male |
White |
82 |
None |
VA (Ebony P.O.) |
VA (Ebony P.O.) |
1936 |
fieldworker to informant |
Spoken |
|
|