Table - See Overview for Filtering and Searching Explanation

source Entry Example Modal 1 Modal 2 Modal 3 Gender Race / Ethnicity Agesort descending Level of Education Home Community, Town, or State Location Collected Year Relation to Addressee Medium Sentence Structure Status
England 2044 ... þatt mannkinn shollde muʒhenn wel Upp cumenn inntill heoffne. shollde muʒhenn Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written
England 1170 They had velvet curtains, and, oh, we would never could afford them. would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.1 Naturalistic
Harris 1235 You might should get her to a hospital anyhow. Bandaid might not work. There’s tetanus, ya know. might should Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Hotel clerk to a woman whose daughter has cut her hand on glass in the parking lot. Spoken 1.0
Scotland 915 He might be to go tomorrow. might be to Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Elsman 851 I think probably the only thing we may would have would be napkins. may would Female White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.6 Naturalistic
Scotland 968 We’ll can agree fine will can Male White Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) 1886 Written 1.0
Mashburn 1259 He ought to would see you. ought to would Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 947 Will he no can come? will no can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 2.0
Dumas 1140 They may still could be all right UT fans. may could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown TN (Knoxville) 1987 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Jamaica 1218 shuda kyan “should can” should can Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Green 883 I really got to thinking that I might ought to hear the good Reverend preach. might ought to Unknown Unknown 9th grade TX (Unknown) Unknown 1967 Unknown Written 1.4
Scotland 1102 Aiblins when auld Dick gees o’er the post The youth himself may can to rule the rost. may can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) Scotland (Unknown) 1768 Written 1.2
England 2045 forrþi let be swellenn þa þe middle & þe little, þatt Crist ne shollde mu ʒ henn himm O nane wise attwindenn. shollde muʒhenn Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written 1.4
England 1171 He wouldn’t could’ve worked, even if you had asked him. would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) 1.3
Scotland 916 You’ll have to can do it. will have to can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Coleman 1121 They might ought to be stripping tobacco instead of just waiting. might ought to Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.0 Elicited
Elsman 852 I mighta coulda done that. might have could Female White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 969 I looked for your brither before this, but nae doot ye‘ll can tak’ a message tae him. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Fife) 1929 Written 1.1
Mashburn 1260 He ought to will see you. ought to will Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 948 He’ll can do it, will he no? will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Nagle 1141 þat hie healfre geweald wið Eotena bearn agan moston. “That they might own an equal share with the sons of the Geats.” moston (=must, might) agan (=own, owe, ought to) Male White Unknown Unknown England (Unknown) c1000 Written
Foxfire 884 Let me see one more time. I might can do it. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (northeast) 1970 Written 1.0
Scotland 1103 I’ll can go tomorrow. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) Scotland (Unknown) 1999 1.0
England 2046 To lefenn & to trowwenn þatt swillc an shollde muʒhenn beon Shippennd off alle shaffte shollde muʒhenn Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written 1.4
England 1172 A good machine clipper would could do it in half a day. would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) 1.0
Harris 1236 You might should get that [fee] looked after today, else they might cancel your registration. might should Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown College official to an undergraduate student. Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 917 He might can do it, if he tried. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.3
Coleman 1122 They might would be stripping tobacco now if they had gotten it ready. might would Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.3 Elicited
Feagin 776 If ... we might could abbreviate it. might could Male White Unknown VA (Unknown) AL (Unknown) early 1970s Spoken Naturalistic
Allan 1202 For a dime a head, I might could strip off the feathers. might could Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Elsman 853 ... anything that looks like we might need it, we might better put aside ... might better Female White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 970 What I want to ken is, if I winna could hinder him that’s my fiancé frae dicin’ or drinkin’ ‘t awa’ ance he got me mairried to him? will could Male White Unknown Unknown Scotland (Argyll) 1927 Written 1.2
Mashburn 1261 She used to could run the marathon. used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 949 He’ll can do it, can he no? will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) Spoken 1.0
Jamaica 1219 wuda hafi “would must” would hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Maxfield 885 I don’t think I will can go. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown PN (southwestern) 1931 1.4
Scotland 1104 I'll not can go tomorrow. will not can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) Scotland (Unknown) 1.0
England 2048 Swa þatt menn sholldenn muɽhenn sen þurrh Goddspellbokess lare All hu þeɽɽ mihhtenn follɽenn rihht þatt stih. sholldenn hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written 1.3
England 1173 I used to could do it. used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) 1.0
Scotland 918 He might could do it, if he tried. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.3
Elsman 854 We might could even stuff the catalogs in the bags? might could Female White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 971 But I doubt, Miss Girzie, ye’ll no can expec her to domicile with the like of you. will no can Male White Unknown Unknown Scotland (Ayrshire) 1826 Written 1.4
Mashburn 1262 She might could have been being seen by someone else. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (Unknown) 1.0
Scotland 950 He used to could do it, didn’t he? used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Nagle 1142 Ælc cristen man hit sceall cunnan. “Each Christian man shall know it” sceall (=shall) cunnan (=could, ken, know) Male White Unknown Unknown England (Unknown) c1000 Written 1.0
Wentworth 886 He’ll not kin go. will not can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown WV (eastern) 1931 Spoken 1.0
Scotland 1105 I might will can go tomorrow. might will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) Scotland (Unknown) 1994 1.0
England 2047 forr þatt Crist ne wollde nohht þatt Nicodm ne wisste þatt he ne shollde muʒhenn nohht ben borrʒhenn, þohh he mihhte Lefenn & trowwenn rihht o Crist þurrh Cristes miccle tacness, But iff he wære... shollde muʒhenn Unknown Unknown England c1200 Written 1.4
England 1174 [Q: What’s it been like?] A: Terrible. I haven’t could sleep. have could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Harris 1237 'Scuse me for buttin’ in ... You want postcards of blues musicians, you may could get ’em at that ... There’s that tourist place the corner of Beale there. may could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown TN (Memphis) [Elderly Caucasian Southern man, gratuitously, to a mother and her son (apparently northerners) outside the Peabody Hotel in Memphis. Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
Scotland 919 He must could do it. must could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Coleman 1123 She might should be taking some pills for her cold. might should Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.0 Elicited
Elsman 855 I think I might can do something with it. might can Male White College (Graduate) Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 employee to supervisors Spoken 1.4 Naturalistic
Scotland 972 Yince an A’d wun there, A thocht, A micht mebbies cood geet a hurl the lenth o Hawick. might mebbies (=maybe) could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Roxburghshire) 1925 Written 1.0
Mashburn 1263 He might used to could run the marathon. might used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown GA (Unknown) Unknown Unknown 1.0
Scotland 951 He used to could do it, couldn’t he? used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
England 1143 þeah we hine for þam alwaldan agan ne moston. “Though we might not hold it against the all-powerful.” moston (=must, might) agan (=own, owe, ought to) Male White Unknown Unknown England (Unknown) c1000 Written
Jamaica 1220 wi mos “will must” will must Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Wentworth 887 She’ll never kin catch a mouse now. (Said when a pet cat became crippled). will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown WV (eastern) 1930s 1.0
Feagin 1296 Could you might tell me where the administration building is? could might Male Black Unknown Unknown NY (Unknown) Spoken 2.0 Naturalistic
England 2049 Hu sal ani man ðe muʒen deren? sal muʒen Unknown Unknown England c1259 Written 2.0
England 1175 You might can see underneath. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
England 2050 ... þai sall noght mow stand. sall mow Unknown Unknown England c1345 Written
England 1176 I mightn’t can use this thumb properly, if it heals like this. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) 1.3
Scotland 920 He must can do it. must can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Butters 1203 But if I be coming out of the field and riding Old Judge, I may would kinda switch off. may would Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Spoken 1.2
Scotland 973 He wouldna could dae’t, would could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Argyll) 1929 1.0
R&W 1264 I might could ketch a possum tonight, over on East Mountain. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown AR (Unknown) Written 1.0
Scotland 952 He has to can swim, doesn’t he? have to can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) Written 1.0
Hern.&S 2026 He should can go. should can Unknown Black Unknown IL (Chicago) IL (Chicago) 1970s 1.0 Elicited
Scotland 1144 He’ll can help us the morn. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) 1.0
Jamaica 1221 wi hafi “will must” will hafi (=have to, must) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Smiley 888 wouldn't could wouldn't could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown NY (New Paltz) 1924
England 2061 þou ... shalt mowen retourne hool & sounde. shalt mowen Unknown Unknown England 1374 Written
England 1177 [Q: Can you tell me the lengths and prices of the pieces of leather again?] A: You’ll not can remember them. They’re all different lengths and prices. will not can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Labov 1238 If you can find that canceled check, I may can go out there and get it. may can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown FL (Unknown) Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
Scotland 921 He should can do it. should can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Coleman 1124 I might ought to have been working this morning instead of reading. might ought to Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.0 Elicited
Elsman 857 If the items are gonna be released, they can't share, but if they aren't gonna be released, they might could. might could Unknown White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.8 Naturalistic
Scotland 974 An dan, wi baid een staandin wide, Sae noucht could can ta pass me. could can to Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Shetland) Written 1.0
R&W 1265 I might could dry them dishes for ye. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown MO (Unknown) MO (Unknown) Written 1.0
Scotland 953 He’d like to can swim, wouldn’t he? would like to can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Scotland 1145 They might could be working in the shop. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) 1.0
Warner 889 I might could play the piano. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown AR (southeast) 1938 1.0
England 2051 Thou schalt mowe senden hire a lettre. schalt mowe Unknown Unknown England 1390 Written 1.0
England 1178 [A: I’m sorry Geoffrey won’t be able to come tonight because he’s going to the pictures.] B: Alright, he’ll can get a try on Tuesday. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 922 He should could do it. should could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Coleman 1125 I might could have been studying instead of fooling around had I known you were coming. might could Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.3 Elicited
Butters 1204 Bob Cushaw [of Andrews NC] says he would like his wife to quit her babysitting job. “If you come back here in one year, I may can say I now own this or I now own that, but I’ll talk to you just as I... may can Male Black Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) Spoken 1.2 Naturalistic
Elsman 858 We may could do a conference call. may could Unknown White Unknown Unknown SC (Unknown) 2007 Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 975 I didn’t use tae could tak them at aa. did used to could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Argyll) 1931 1.0
Visser 1266 That ye counseille me how I shall may avenge me. shall may Male Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Unknown) c1489 Written
Scotland 954 I dinae think he’ll dae it, but I suppose he might could. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.8
Scotland 1146 She might can get away early. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Unknown) 1.0
Jamaica 1222 mos(a) fi “must ought to” must fe (=for, ought to) Unknown Black Unknown Unknown Jamaica (Unknown)
Payne 890 Go to see Mr. Smith. He might can tell you. might can Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown AL (eastern) 1909 1.0
England 2052 Thou schalt mowe senden hire a lettre. schalt mowe Unknown Unknown England c1390 Written 1.0
England 1179 [A: Could you do with any plants?] B: No, not really. I might could do with one or two spaces filled. might could Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown England (Newcastle) Spoken 1.0 Naturalistic
Scotland 923 He'll can do it. will can Unknown Unknown Unknown Scotland (Hawick) Scotland (Hawick) 1.0
Coleman 1126 He may should have been getting ready. may should Unknown White Unknown Unknown NC (Unknown) 1975 1.0 Elicited

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