|
Smiley |
888 |
wouldn't could |
wouldn't |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
NY (New Paltz) |
1924 |
|
|
|
|
|
Montgomery |
2016 |
We would have might maybe made it. |
would have |
might |
maybe |
Female |
White |
72 |
College graduate |
AL (Evergreen) |
TN (Nashville) |
1991 |
Mother to son. |
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
England |
977 |
He wouldn’t could go. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Durham) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
929 |
I'd like to could do that. |
would |
like to |
could |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1225 |
wuda mos hafi “would must must”
|
would |
must |
hafi (=have to, must) |
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Montgomery |
220 |
We would have might maybe made it. |
would |
might |
|
Female |
White |
70 |
College (Graduate) |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
|
Unknown |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
727 |
You would might have ask me.
|
would |
might |
|
Female |
Black |
51 |
College (1 year) |
TN (Nashville) |
TN (Nashville) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
728 |
You would used to just say.
|
would |
used to |
|
Female |
White |
52 |
High school |
GA (Sumter County) |
GA (Plains) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
904 |
In a crisis, what would a wee lassie like that could dae for me? |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
|
Scotland (West Lothian) |
1979 |
stranger |
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
DiPaolo |
1342 |
Would you might wanna wait till the eight o'clock flight, when it's cheaper? |
would |
might |
|
Female |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Dallas) |
TX (Austin) |
1980 |
sister to sister |
Spoken |
2.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
908 |
He would could do it if he tried. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Elsman |
847 |
We'll send you a document with questions in it, like “What additional things would we may need from you ... ” |
would |
may |
|
Female |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
VA (Unknown) |
2007 |
contractor to potential clients |
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
912 |
I would like to could swim.
|
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Elsman |
848 |
What we would might want to do is ...
|
would |
might |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
2007 |
|
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
DiPaolo |
1411 |
They might could; I'm not sure. But they might could. My father would could tell you some stories but I'm not sure if he could tell you what you want to know. |
would |
could |
|
Female |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
|
woman to woman |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
14 |
Would there might possibly be any more of those forms in the office? |
would |
might |
|
Female |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
student to secretary |
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1167 |
[Q: They wouldn’t break any of your windows or anything?] A: Oh no! They’re double glazed. They wouldn’t could.
|
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1170 |
They had velvet curtains, and, oh, we would never could afford them. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |
|
Mishoe |
49 |
Would it might be something we haven't even seen before?
|
would |
might |
|
Male |
White |
18 |
College (Some) |
Unknown |
SC/ NC (Unknown) |
c1990 |
male to instructor |
Spoken |
2.6 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1171 |
He wouldn’t could’ve worked, even if you had asked him. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
Elsman |
856 |
We would might want to take those out. |
would |
might |
|
Female |
White |
26 |
Graduate school (Master's degree) |
IL (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
2007 |
employee to coworkers and supervisors |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
England |
1172 |
A good machine clipper would could do it in half a day. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1219 |
wuda hafi “would must” |
would |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
953 |
He’d like to can swim, wouldn’t he? |
would |
like to |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
955 |
I cannae dae it the now, but I would could next week. |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
Scotland |
973 |
He wouldna could dae’t, |
would |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1929 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Boertien |
1298 |
Would you might want to let your sister-in-law do that? |
would |
might |
|
Male |
White |
25 |
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
TX (Houston) |
c1980 |
|
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Skipper |
183 |
Would he might ask us about the history? |
Would |
might |
|
Male |
White |
21 |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
|
unknown |
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Skipper |
184 |
We would might run maybe ten hams a week. |
would |
might |
|
Male |
White |
unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
SC (Unknown) |
|
elected official to TV cameras |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1017 |
Would you might not be seen as good as you once were? |
would |
might not |
|
Male |
White |
48 |
College (Graduate) |
MD (Aberdeen) |
Radio |
2008 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
2.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
945 |
He willnae can come. |
willnae |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
981 |
I doubt I’ll not can get. |
will not |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Durham) |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
Wentworth |
886 |
He’ll not kin go. |
will not |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
WV (eastern) |
1931 |
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1104 |
I'll not can go tomorrow. |
will not |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
1177 |
[Q: Can you tell me the lengths and prices of the pieces of leather again?] A: You’ll not can remember them. They’re all different lengths and prices.
|
will not |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
2028 |
A'll noa can gawn dhu-moarn (I won't be able to go to-morrow). |
will no |
can |
|
|
White |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland |
Scotland |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
979 |
They’ll not can get any food. |
will no |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Durham) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1157 |
You’ll no need to can do that. |
will no |
need to |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
962 |
He’ll be grander than ever now–he’ll no can hold down his head down to sneeze. |
will no |
can |
|
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
963 |
I’ll no can bide lang. |
will no |
can |
|
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Perthshire) |
1887 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
946 |
He’ll no can come. |
will no |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
964 |
Ye’ll no can work. |
will no |
can |
|
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Fife) |
1894 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
947 |
Will he no can come? |
will no |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
971 |
But I doubt, Miss Girzie, ye’ll no can expec her to domicile with the like of you. |
will no |
can |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Ayrshire) |
1826 |
|
Written |
1.4 |
|
|
Scotland |
976 |
“Aha!”, think A, “it’ll no hev cood gar ends meet this bittie back, nih, A’se warran!”
|
will no |
have |
could |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1925 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
2029 |
Ivray wain in thu toon ull can say thawt (Every child in the village will be able to say that). |
will |
can |
|
|
White |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland |
Scotland |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
978 |
Will he can go? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Durham) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
931 |
He will can do it.
|
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
932 |
Will he can do it? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
England |
982 |
I’ll can gang to-day. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Cumberland) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1226 |
wi mos hafi “will must must” |
will |
must |
hafi (=have to, must) |
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
1156 |
Will they need to can drive a lorry to get that job? |
will |
need to |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1106 |
I think we will can pay the Rent this year at any time. |
will |
can |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotlnd (Unknown) |
1819 |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
Barrick |
876 |
You won’t can go. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
PN (Cumberland County) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
909 |
He’ll can get you one. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
959 |
Ye’ll can cum neist weik. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (southern) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
910 |
He’ll might could do it for you. |
will |
might |
could |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
911 |
You’ll have to can do it whether you want to or not.
|
will |
have to |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
Fennell |
2012 |
We will might do that. |
will |
might |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
TX (Unknown) |
SC (Unknown) |
1992 |
Unknown |
Spoken |
|
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
965 |
Baith you and her will can spare some o’ the cost. |
will |
can |
|
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Ayrshire) |
1822 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
916 |
You’ll have to can do it.
|
will |
have to |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
948 |
He’ll can do it, will he no? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Maxfield |
885 |
I don’t think I will can go. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
PN (southwestern) |
|
1931 |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
Scotland |
966 |
He’ll can tell us. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1881 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
949 |
He’ll can do it, can he no? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
967 |
We’ll ... aiblins no can rise our lane. |
will |
aiblins (=maybe) no |
can |
Male |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Roxburghshire) |
1808 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1101 |
If we get a German doctor, not one of us will can speak to him. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1975 |
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
Wentworth |
887 |
She’ll never kin catch a mouse now. (Said when a pet cat became crippled).
|
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
WV (eastern) |
1930s |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
968 |
We’ll can agree fine |
will |
can |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1886 |
|
Written |
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
969 |
I looked for your brither before this, but nae doot ye‘ll can tak’ a message tae him.
|
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Fife) |
1929 |
|
Written |
1.1 |
|
|
Scotland |
1103 |
I’ll can go tomorrow. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
Scotland (Unknown) |
1999 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
970 |
What I want to ken is, if I winna could hinder him that’s my fiancé frae dicin’ or drinkin’ ‘t awa’ ance he got me mairried to him? |
will |
could |
|
Male |
White |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Argyll) |
1927 |
|
Written |
1.2 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1220 |
wi mos “will must” |
will |
must |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
923 |
He'll can do it. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
1144 |
He’ll can help us the morn. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Jamaica |
1221 |
wi hafi “will must” |
will |
hafi (=have to, must) |
|
Unknown |
Black |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamaica (Unknown) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
924 |
He’ll maybe come the morn |
will |
maybe |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
925 |
He’ll might can come the morn. |
will |
might |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
926 |
He’ll should can come the morn. |
will |
should |
can |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
England |
1178 |
[A: I’m sorry Geoffrey won’t be able to come tonight because he’s going to the pictures.] B: Alright, he’ll can get a try on Tuesday. |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
England (Newcastle) |
|
|
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
Scotland |
1147 |
Will he can help us the morn? |
will |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scotland (Unknown) |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
Scotland |
928 |
I want to can do that. |
want to |
can |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Unknown |
Scotland (Hawick) |
Scotland (Hawick) |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
LAGS |
659 |
Used to could.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
Black |
79 |
None |
GA (Clay County) |
GA (Fort Gaines) |
1978 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
691 |
Better than he used to could.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
77 |
8th grade |
AR (Hearn) |
AR (Hearn) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1034 |
She used to could kill a horse with a fist between the eyes, but this week it's been migraines and fainting spells.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Fictional Story |
1991 |
woman to man |
Written |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
629 |
Used to could buy it.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
Black |
61 |
8th grade |
AR (Little Rock) |
AR (Little Rock) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
723 |
Used to would.
|
used to |
would |
|
Male |
White |
53 |
College (Graduate, B.S. degree) |
AL (Thomaston) |
AL (Foley) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
660 |
Used to could.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
81 |
4th grade |
FL (Sopchoppy) |
FL (Sopchoppy) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
692 |
I used to could get money.
|
used to |
could |
|
Unknown |
Unknown |
unknown |
8th grade |
TX (Harrisville) |
TX (Temple) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
630 |
You used to could buy it.
|
used to |
could |
|
Male |
White |
85 |
9th grade |
MS (Bogue Chitto) |
MS (Bogue Chitto) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
724 |
I don’t know what they used to would say.
|
used to |
would |
|
Male |
White |
53 |
College (Graduate, B.S. degree) |
AL (Thomaston) |
AL (Foley) |
1977 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
661 |
Used to could have that. |
used to |
could |
|
Female |
Black |
44 |
High school equivalent |
AL (Dothan) |
AL (Dothan) |
1976 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
693 |
We used to could go to where we wanted to.
|
used to |
could |
|
Male |
White |
72 |
7th grade |
TX (Houston) |
TX (Houston) |
1975 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.4 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1037 |
They used to wouldn't let you pay a guitar around partly because they called it sinful music- the devil's music, you know? |
used to |
wouldn't |
|
Male |
Black |
80 |
Elementary School |
MS (Winona) |
Radio |
1994 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.3 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
631 |
I used to could do that.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
77 |
5th grade |
GA (Columbus) |
GA (Eelbeck) |
1976 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
725 |
They used to would walk. |
used to |
would |
|
Male |
White |
49 |
10th grade |
AR (Leslie/Maple Grove area) |
AR (Baker) |
1974 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS\ |
662 |
Used to could.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
87 |
7th grade |
FL (Rock Hill) |
FL (Rock Hill) |
1973 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
unknown |
Naturalistic |
|
Elsman |
835 |
I used to could just go and hit the road and stay as long as I wanted to.
|
used to |
could |
|
Female |
White |
30s |
College (Graduate) |
SC (Unknown) |
SC (Columbia) |
2007 |
co-worker to co-worker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
LAGS |
694 |
Used to could play one.
|
used to |
could |
|
Male |
White |
78 |
8th grade |
TN (Spring City) |
TN (Spring City) |
1978 |
subject to fieldworker |
Spoken |
1.0 |
Naturalistic |
|
COCA |
1038 |
I used to wouldn't talk to nobody, but now I talk to people I haven't seen, you know, I ain't backwards or nothing. |
used to |
wouldn't |
|
Female |
Unknown |
unknown |
Unknown |
AR (Plainview) |
Television |
1992 |
interviewee to interviewer |
Spoken |
1.1 |
Naturalistic |